Myanmar map & highlights
So little is still known about Burma, it’s worth exploring different regions to discover how varied its landscapes are, and how beautifully local traditions have been preserved. Burma is the largest country in mainland SE Asia, its roads are poor and the government prohibits driving in many areas, so internal flights are necessary to make any headway on the landscape. Northern Burma is more popular; few visitors currently explore the south. Be aware that many towns and regions have changed their colonial names; both versions may still be used.
Here are three of our top itineraries, incorporating our favourite Burma highlights. Click on the map points for more information about each one.
1.
Yangon (Rangoon)
2. Mandalay & U Bein
3. Pyin U Lwin
4. Bagan
5. Mount Popa
6. Pindaya
7. Inle Lake
8. Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady)
9. Kalaw
10. Hsipaw & Kyaukme
11. Bago & the Golden Rock
12. Mawlamlyine
13. Mrauk U
14. Myeik Archipelago
15. Chindwin River
16. Ngapali Beach
2. Mandalay & U Bein
3. Pyin U Lwin
4. Bagan
5. Mount Popa
6. Pindaya
7. Inle Lake
8. Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady)
9. Kalaw
10. Hsipaw & Kyaukme
11. Bago & the Golden Rock
12. Mawlamlyine
13. Mrauk U
14. Myeik Archipelago
15. Chindwin River
16. Ngapali Beach
Yangon (Rangoon)
1. Yangon (Rangoon)
Burma’s former capital is a fabulous introduction to the country, and it remains the pulsing cultural and historical heart, with vibrant markets and the fabulous Shwedagon Pagoda, as well as Chinatown, Indiatown – and strands of Buddha Gautama’s hair. A slow, circular railway takes you through the suburbs and neighbouring villages for a close-up look at Burmese life, but do take the chance to just walk around and soak up the atmosphere.
Mandalay & U Bein
2. Mandalay & U Bein
This colonial city was immortalised by Kipling. Much of old Mandalay was destroyed during the WW2, yet a walk up Mandalay Hill – accompanied by pilgrims – reveals a sprawl of sparkling stupas, mosaics and gardens. Explore by horse and cart, and discover the gold leaf industry and 2,000-year-old golden Buddha. Don’t miss U Bein at sunset; at 1.2km, it’s the world’s longest teak bridge.
Pyin U Lwin
3. Pyin U Lwin
There is much to refresh you in Pyin U Lwin – including the lush botanical gardens and nearby waterfalls, as well as the 1,200m altitude, which pleased the heat-feating British, who had a hill-station here. This 19th century town is filled with villas and horses and carts, transporting you back in time. For a true colonial experience, travel here by train, crossing the Goitek Viaduct and passing small villages filled with vendors.
Bagan
4. Bagan
This is the classic Burma postcard scene – thousands of temples and pagodas peeking above the trees and mist, stretching into the horizon. Most date back to between the 11th and 13th centuries, with different styles honouring Buddhist and Hindu deities. Bagan can be explored by horse and cart or by bike – a great chance to off-road and discover hidden spots. A hot air balloon ride provides a spectacular sunrise view.
Mount Popa
5. Mount Popa
This sacred mountain is the core of an extinct volcano that rises 1,518m above the surrounding hills. Believed to be home to deities and spirits, known as nats, Mount Popa attracts many pilgrims, and you can walk with them on the 777 steps to the shrine at the top.
Pindaya
6. Pindaya
Set high on a ridge overlooking a lake, the tunnels and chambers of the cavernous Pindaya Caves - known as the Golden Caves – are filled with around 8,000 Buddha images. You’ll be joined by local pilgrims, trekking across the Shan Plateau to pay their respects and meditate. The walk passes through hill tribe villages, who see few tourists; if you’re lucky you may get invited in for tea.
Inle Lake
7. Inle Lake
For villagers living around the shore of the serene Lake Inle, water is a part of daily life. There are stilt-house villages, floating vegetable gardens and markets, and the famous “leg-rowers”, who wrap one leg around the paddle, leaving their hands free to cast their nets. Discover brightly dressed hill tribes, the Shwe Yan Pyay teak monastery and mountainside pagodas, and visit silversmithing, cigar rolling and weaving workshops.
Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady)
8. Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady)
Most of Burma’s population lives in the valley of its longest river. Flowing through much of the country, a cruise along the Irrawaddy reveals local village life, picturesque hill landscapes, the Sagaing temples and gold-plated stupas. You can take a daytrip; boats for longer cruises have mattresses and mosquito nets for sleeping on deck under the stars. Look out for rare Irrawaddy dolphins.
Kalaw
9. Kalaw
The leafy, British hill-station of Kalaw, high enough in the mountains to escape the burning lowland heat, is a tranquil base for hikers. The surrounding hills offer plenty of walking routes, and guided hikes explore the plantations and small villages of the Palaung, Danu and Pa-O tribes. Take a daytrip to the nearby elephant conservation center, which preserves the elephants’ habitat and supports local communities.
Hsipaw & Kyaukme
10. Hsipaw & Kyaukme
In the heart of Shan country, Hsipaw is a true immersion into this rich culture. Each village has a “spirit house” at the entrance, and activities include rice cultivation, bamboo weaving and rolling cheroot cigars. Kyaukme has full-day treks through mountain passes and remote Palaung villages – the adventure begins with the bus ride here – picking up sacks of rice and vegetables as well as villagers.
Bago & the Golden Rock
11. Bago & the Golden Rock
Burma’s largest monastery, the Kha Khat Wain, is found in Bago, the former capital of the Mon Kingdom. From here, it’s a short, steep drive to the famous Golden (or Hanging) Rock at Kyaiktiyo – a Buddhist pilgrimage site. The large, gold-plated boulder balances precariously on the edge of a mountain is said to be held in place by a single strand of the Buddha’s hair. A golden pagoda sits atop it.
Mawlamlyine
12. Mawlamlyine
George Orwell's former home now houses Kipling’s pagoda, buzzing markets and colonial architecture. A massive reclining Buddha sprawls nearby, plus a cemetery for allied POWs who died building the Kanchanaburi railway. Cruise along Thanlwin River to the Hpa An, and explore the surrounding limestone karsts, with their tunnels and caves, on foot and by road.
Mrauk U
13. Mrauk U
Once the capital of a small empire which stretched to Bangladesh, today the peaceful town of Mrauk U houses the remains of three kingdoms, including the crumbling ruins of the Royal Palace. The Shittaung Pagoda is the best-known, but many more rise out of the surrounding fields. Get your bearings with a model of Mrauk U in the Archaeology Museum, or take a trip to the surrounding, remote Chin villages.
Myeik Archipelago
14. Myeik Archipelago
Scattered off the southern Burmese coast, far from the beaten track, the 800 islands of the Myeik Archipelago offer a glimpse of Southeast Asia’s beaches long before the tourists and resorts arrived. Take a multi day cruise to discover traditional cultures – including the boat dwelling, Moken sea gypsies – as well as untouched beaches, pristine forest and fantastic snorkelling above thriving reefs.
Chindwin River
15. Chindwin River
The long Chindwin River flows through Burma’s remote interior. Multi-day river tours reveal the 947 caves of Po Win Taung, filled with painted murals, rarely-visited market villages, hidden pagodas and colonial outposts. You can also follow in the footsteps of “Elephant Bill”, who led a troop of elephants and refugees to safety in India during the Second World War.
Ngapali Beach
16. Ngapali Beach
Burma’s charming, rustic beach resort is fringed with powder-white sand, azure seas and just a few little bungalow-style hotels and tasty seafood shacks catering to a handful of well-to-do tourists, who have the 3.5km beach to themselves. But things could soon change as more rooms open and an airport expansion is being discussed, opening it up to backpackers and business travelers.
Our Myanmar (Burma) Vacations
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A fabulous family vacation including the best of Burma
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SAMPLE MYANMAR ITINERARIES
Myanmar highlights (15 days):
Yangon (flight) > Mandalay > Pyin U Lwin > Irrawaddy River >Bagan > Mount Popa > Kalaw > Pindaya >Inle Lake (flight) > Yangon
Myanmar encompassed (18 days):
Yangon > Bago > Golden Rock >Mawlamlyine > (Bilu Kyun) > Hpa An > Yangon (flight) >
Mandalay > Pyin U Lwin > Irrawaddy River > Bagan >Mount Popa > Kalaw > Pindaya >
Inle Lake (flight) > Yangon
Southern Myanmar (10 days):
Yangon > Bago > Golden Rock > Mawlamlyine >(Bilu Kyun) > Hpa An > Yangon
Yangon (flight) > Mandalay > Pyin U Lwin > Irrawaddy River >Bagan > Mount Popa > Kalaw > Pindaya >Inle Lake (flight) > Yangon
Myanmar encompassed (18 days):
Yangon > Bago > Golden Rock >Mawlamlyine > (Bilu Kyun) > Hpa An > Yangon (flight) >
Mandalay > Pyin U Lwin > Irrawaddy River > Bagan >Mount Popa > Kalaw > Pindaya >
Inle Lake (flight) > Yangon
Southern Myanmar (10 days):
Yangon > Bago > Golden Rock > Mawlamlyine >(Bilu Kyun) > Hpa An > Yangon
More about Myanmar (Burma)
The best time to visit Myanmar/Burma is the winter season that lasts from November to February.
Myanmar (Burma) opened up to tourists again in 2011, and the appeal of seeing what lies beyond the borders of this once closed-off nation is still strong.
The journey becomes the destination in Myanmar, as every step of the way is lined with ancient stupas and pagodas, traditional craft workshops, floating markets and even the "Road to Mandalay" itself.
Myanmar’s relative isolation has helped to preserve its long, rich culture and visitors today will be dazzled by its Buddhist temples, tempted by its crafts and charmed by its gentle, welcoming people, well known for their modesty and warmth.
Not visiting the temples of Bagan in Burma is akin to avoiding Angkor Wat in Cambodia.
Myanmar’s second largest lake is a little bit special and not just for the 70,000 Intha people living and working around its edges.
Myanmar is not well known as a small ship cruising destination – its temple-studded interior tends to steal the limelight – but in the far south of the country, the remote Mergui Archipelago is a remarkable, pristine group of islands which can only be explored by catamaran.
Traveling in Myanmar with kids needn't be daunting if you do your research, book with a vacation company focused on all things family.
If you're wondering about the best place to meet elephants, how to bring up Burmese politics, whether the country is going to change much or where to see the war murals of Genghis Khan, our partner vacation companies share their Myanmar travel advice.
It's important wherever you go, but responsible tourism in Myanmar is an especially hot topic as this country is just opening up to tourism and Western involvement after decades of dictatorship and isolation.
