The emergency number is Iceland is 112.
 
Iceland is a hiking paradise – but in a landscape that fluctuates with the geothermal stirrings of the planet, don't just rely on maps – published maps are not always up to date, and routes can be far from obvious, so always carry a GPS device and take note of the positions of the shelter huts dotted around the island. Always try to obtain a reliable weather forecast before setting out – available in English from the Vedur website.

If hiking, be aware that river crossings can swell from trickling stream to raging torrent during the summer due to glacial run-off. The widest fording point is often likely the shallowest and therefore safest – narrow stretches are likely to be the deepest. The swiftest current is found near the centre of straight stretches of river and at the outside of bends – try to cross where there is as much slack water as possible. A smooth surface indicates a river that is too deep to cross on foot. Anything more than thigh deep is too deep. And never cross just above a waterfall!

Few interior roads in Iceland have bridges over rivers. When fording a river in a vehicle look for designated fording points, marked with a letter V.

Roads suitable only for 4WD vehicles are F-numbered. Try to travel with other vehicles, and carry emergency supplies, blankets and car tool kit. Always let someone know where you are going and when you plan to be back. Check details on current road conditions and closures via the Icelandic Road Administration website.

Drivers should always keep sufficient fuel in the tank as rural petrol stations can be 100-200 km apart.